The Base Rate as a Primary Tool of Monetary Policy

The Base Rate as a Primary Tool of Monetary Policy The base rate is the rate of interest the banks use as the basis for calculating their own rates, which they use to charge on loans they give. It is defined by the Central Bank, which may be or may not be under the control of the state – it depends on the country. To put in a word, it is the rate charged by the Central Bank, when it sells money to all the other lending agencies. It is quite natural that it serves as the reference point for any financial activity that goes on in the country and, on a broader scale, a reference point for those, who decide whether the country is worthy of investing or not. The one who controls the Central Bank controls the cash flow. The one who controls the cash flow controls economical life of the nation. When the Central Bank is independent from the state, the base rate follows the changes in economical situation in a natural way, rising and falling in accordance with rising and falling of the demand for credits. When it is controlled by the state, it may be used as a tool of controlling economical life quite arbitrary, destroying the ties between the reality and the changes of the base rate, thus disrupting the flow of information the changes of the base rate provide. However, as the state always strives to control as much as possible, it is natural that the base rate is among the things it wishes to control. People disagree on the actual effects of this, but economically we may see only one thing: the intrusion in the information flow that the base rate represents.

Human Growth And Development Personal Issues - 1965 Words

Human Growth and Development Personal Issues I am a young woman, who is about to turn 20, therefore I’m about to go into young adulthood. I am currently dealing with the problem of having excessive classes due to the fact that I want to finish Community College early and transfer. The reason for this is, I want to be able to live on my own and be more independent but also stay in school and get my degree required for my career. In result taking around 18 credits per semester is extremely difficult, at the moment I have 4 class projects I need to get done, and It becomes overwhelming because I feel like I m unable to properly invest myself in one project at a time just because I need to be able to turn them in all on time. Another situation I m currently dealing with at the moment is having to work 2 jobs because I need to be able to pay for my car, rent, and other utilities. Although I do still live with my family, I like to take care of my own expenses, because I don t want to have to have my parents have any money related problems because of me. They do help me with school related expenses which do come handy. Due to this situation, I feel like I m in a constant state of worry, and overwhelming anxiety. It seems like I have no time for myself and to be able to take a breath because I m always having to be doing something having to do with school or work. Not being able to do something to actually enjoy myself. Adolescence Shir is an 18-year-old teen that IShow MoreRelatedAutonomy: A Personality Trait1655 Words   |  7 PagesAutonomy The notion of personal autonomy is a characteristic that many individuals seek to find throughout their life. The term autonomy originates from the Greek words auto (self) and nomos (law) and means self-management (Senturan, Kose, Sabuncu, Ozhan, 2012). Individuals who experience the characteristic of autonomy during their lives will often have an intense desire for their personal freedom and will set moderate goals for themselves that will enhance their well-being and independence. RadelRead MoreDevelopmental Psychology1198 Words   |  5 PagesLifespan Development and Personality Jasmine Coverson PSY/103 E. W. Newlin University of Phoenix May 5, 2010 In developmental psychology, researchers describe the physical, emotional, and psychological stages of development while relating the specific issues involved in the stages, which can hinder proper development. Developmental psychology, also described as human development, is the scientific investigation of methodical psychological modifications that take place in humans in excessRead MoreManipulating Activism Case Study923 Words   |  4 PagesManipulating Activism: Macro-level Environmental Issues and the Potential for Change Even though there has been increased activism and awareness of environmental issues, the environment is simultaneously depleting at a more rapid rate. Although addressing individual environmental perception and organizational flaws could create visible change, the most significant solution to environmental issues is found at the level of reforming practices at the macro-level, since the relationship between theRead MoreConcept Of Well Being As Defined By The Center For Disease Control And Prevention1109 Words   |  5 Pageswell as satisfaction with life, fulfillment and positive functioning.† (Well-Being Concepts, 2016) The perfect approach to the issue of quantifying well-being is the use of self-assessment scales. One such scale developed is the Psychological Well-Being Scale by Carroll Ryff . (Ryff, 1995) Concepts such as Well-Being attempt to explore the non-economic side of development. It is of supreme importance to understand whether individuals are content with the l ife, which they are living over and aboveRead MoreThe Goals And Motivating And Leading Employees1089 Words   |  5 Pagesto completion† (quotesgram.com). The organization I currently work for has placed a career path ahead of me filled with great personal and professional opportunity, however it will be a new road for me with a steep learning curve. The article, Social Organizations by Robert Prodanciuc highlights bureaucracy and organizational development, leadership, and employee development as they hey areas I have also come to recognize as the challenges I will face while achieving organizational goals and motivatingRead MoreThe Theory Of Nursing Theory1463 Words   |  6 PagesUniversity, 2014). Not only do these principles focus on the issues nurses face daily, they are also multifaceted involving abundant concrete and imperceptible elements (Sitzman Wright-Elschberger, 2015). Nursing theory is essential to the profession as it specifies a construct for decisions and practice for the discipline of nursing. It distinguishes what shapes the foundation of practice by plainly illustrating nursing. Development of theory has facilitated the evolution of nursing as a professionRead MoreThe World Trade Organization ( Wto ) And Multilateral Trading System1610 Words   |  7 Pagessupports to be essential for advancing global development objectives. This essay will critically examine the objectives of the WTO and explain how the organisation aims to advance development globally. The essay will explore the significance of trade in the politics of development and how the WTO is central to that agenda. Understanding how the WTO is designed to operate will provide insight into why some believe that such a system is essential to development. The premise will then be critically assessedRead MoreReflective Reflection : Reflective Learning913 Words   |  4 PagesRe flective learning leads to the growth of an individual both in the personal and professional life supporting him morally, emotionally and psychologically. Reflection learning can help us better understand our strengths and weakness. It also helps us identify our questions values and beliefs. It encourages acknowledging and challenging possible assumptions on which our feelings, ideas actions and reactions are based. We can identify the areas of discrimination and acknowledge our fears. Also, itRead MoreHumanistic Psychology Essay1421 Words   |  6 PagesOverview: Throughout history many individuals and groups have affirmed the inherent value and dignity of human beings. They have spoken out against ideologies, beliefs and practices, which held people to be merely the means for accomplishing economic and political ends. They have reminded their contemporaries that the purpose of institutions is to serve and advance the freedom and power of their members. In Western civilization we honor the times and places, such as Classical Greece and Europe ofRead MoreSustainable Growth and Economic Development1094 Words   |  5 PagesEconomic growth has been used with other terms such as development, modernization, westernization and industrialization. It is, in other words, a transition from a simple, low-income economy to a modern, high- income economy. Its scope includes the process and policies by which a nation improves the economic, political, and social well-being of its people. Though it is often measured by rate of change of gross domestic produ ct, it is generally understood in terms of increase in per capita income

Barriers of Effective Communication Free Essays

Describe the barriers of effective communication. Introduction: If an individual (Sender) sends a message and the receiver interprets it in the same way as the sender had intended to express,the process of communication is said to be complete. But it is not always so. We will write a custom essay sample on Barriers of Effective Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now Certain barriers in communication affect the clarity, accuracy and effectiveness of the message. The barriers could be related to the communication system, mechanical devices being used, language or symbols being used for encoding, the sender and the receiver himself. There exist many barriers to communication and these may occur at any stage in the communication process. Barriers may lead to your message becoming distorted and you therefore risk wasting both time and money by causing confusion and misunderstanding. Effective communication involves overcoming these barriers and conveying a clear and concise message. Below are some common barriers to effective communication include: †¢ Physical Barriers: this has to do with poor or outdated equipment used during communications. Physical barriers are often due to the nature of the environment like background noise, poor lighting, temperatures that are too hot or too cold which in turn interfere with effective communication. Organizational Barriers: System design faults refer to problems with the structures or systems in place in an organization. This happens due to the physical distance between the sender and the receiver due to their task, power, and authority and status relationship. examples could be inefficient or inappropriate information systems, a lack of supervision or training, and a lack of clarity in roles and responsibilities which can lead to staff being uncertain about what is expected of them. †¢ Ambiguity of words/phrases or Semantic Barriers: Different people assign different meanings to one specific message. Hence the communicator must ensure that the receiver receives the same meaning. It is better if such words are avoided by using alternatives whenever possible. †¢ Attitudes or Interpersonal Barriers: Another main barrier is the fear and mistrust that form the roots of our emotional barrier which stop us from communicating effectively with our co-workers. These are based upon relationships, values held and attitudes of the members involved. Shortage of time for subordinates, lack of trust, can be a major hurdle in effective communication. emotions like anger or sadness can taint objectivity. Also being extremely nervous,having a personal agenda can make communications less than effective. †¢ Cross cultural/ Geographical Barriers: This barrier arises due to time, geographic locations and the effect of time upon reception of the message. Social relationships, words, colors, symbols concepts of time and space and perception are barriers peculiar to different cultures. Language Barriers: this can seem like an easy one, but even people speaking the same language can have difficulty understanding each other if they are from different generations or from different regions of the same country. Slang, professional jargon and regional colloquialisms can even hurt communicators with the best intentions. †¢ Information Overload: it takes time to process a lot of information and too many details can overwhelm and distract the audience from the important topics. Keep it Simple and short. Insufficient Knowledge of the Subject: If the sender lacks specific information about something, the receiver will likely receive an unclear or mixed message. For example: Have you shopped for an item such as a computer, and experienced how some salespeople can explain complicated terms and ideas in a simple way ? Others cannot. †¢ Lack of Basic Communication Skills: The receiver is less likely to understand the message if the sender has trouble choosing the precise words needed and arranging those words in a grammatically-correct sentence. Lack of Sensitivity to Receiver: A breakdown in communication may result when a message is not adapted to its receiver. Recognizing the receiver’s needs, status, knowledge of the subject, and language skills assists the sender in preparing a successful message. one can improve effective organizational communication is by changing one’s thoughts and feelings with one’s colleague. In this way, we don’t just break down communication barriers, but also build relationships that work successfully for long. How to cite Barriers of Effective Communication, Essay examples

Barriers of Effective Communication Free Essays

Describe the barriers of effective communication. Introduction: If an individual (Sender) sends a message and the receiver interprets it in the same way as the sender had intended to express,the process of communication is said to be complete. But it is not always so. We will write a custom essay sample on Barriers of Effective Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now Certain barriers in communication affect the clarity, accuracy and effectiveness of the message. The barriers could be related to the communication system, mechanical devices being used, language or symbols being used for encoding, the sender and the receiver himself. There exist many barriers to communication and these may occur at any stage in the communication process. Barriers may lead to your message becoming distorted and you therefore risk wasting both time and money by causing confusion and misunderstanding. Effective communication involves overcoming these barriers and conveying a clear and concise message. Below are some common barriers to effective communication include: †¢ Physical Barriers: this has to do with poor or outdated equipment used during communications. Physical barriers are often due to the nature of the environment like background noise, poor lighting, temperatures that are too hot or too cold which in turn interfere with effective communication. Organizational Barriers: System design faults refer to problems with the structures or systems in place in an organization. This happens due to the physical distance between the sender and the receiver due to their task, power, and authority and status relationship. examples could be inefficient or inappropriate information systems, a lack of supervision or training, and a lack of clarity in roles and responsibilities which can lead to staff being uncertain about what is expected of them. †¢ Ambiguity of words/phrases or Semantic Barriers: Different people assign different meanings to one specific message. Hence the communicator must ensure that the receiver receives the same meaning. It is better if such words are avoided by using alternatives whenever possible. †¢ Attitudes or Interpersonal Barriers: Another main barrier is the fear and mistrust that form the roots of our emotional barrier which stop us from communicating effectively with our co-workers. These are based upon relationships, values held and attitudes of the members involved. Shortage of time for subordinates, lack of trust, can be a major hurdle in effective communication. emotions like anger or sadness can taint objectivity. Also being extremely nervous,having a personal agenda can make communications less than effective. †¢ Cross cultural/ Geographical Barriers: This barrier arises due to time, geographic locations and the effect of time upon reception of the message. Social relationships, words, colors, symbols concepts of time and space and perception are barriers peculiar to different cultures. Language Barriers: this can seem like an easy one, but even people speaking the same language can have difficulty understanding each other if they are from different generations or from different regions of the same country. Slang, professional jargon and regional colloquialisms can even hurt communicators with the best intentions. †¢ Information Overload: it takes time to process a lot of information and too many details can overwhelm and distract the audience from the important topics. Keep it Simple and short. Insufficient Knowledge of the Subject: If the sender lacks specific information about something, the receiver will likely receive an unclear or mixed message. For example: Have you shopped for an item such as a computer, and experienced how some salespeople can explain complicated terms and ideas in a simple way ? Others cannot. †¢ Lack of Basic Communication Skills: The receiver is less likely to understand the message if the sender has trouble choosing the precise words needed and arranging those words in a grammatically-correct sentence. Lack of Sensitivity to Receiver: A breakdown in communication may result when a message is not adapted to its receiver. Recognizing the receiver’s needs, status, knowledge of the subject, and language skills assists the sender in preparing a successful message. one can improve effective organizational communication is by changing one’s thoughts and feelings with one’s colleague. In this way, we don’t just break down communication barriers, but also build relationships that work successfully for long. How to cite Barriers of Effective Communication, Essay examples

Oedipus And Antigone Essay Example For Students

Oedipus And Antigone Essay Oedipus and AntigoneSophocles plays Oedipus and Antigone have many parallel themes and conflicts. Certain characters and events are mirrored and go through similar sequences in both plays. One conflict that is prevalent in both plays is the idea of loyalty. In Oedipus, many are loyal to Oedipus, including the city of Thebes itself. In Antigone, there is much strife in the relationships as well, and the idea of loyalty arises. In the play Antigone, there are many situations in which loyalty is involved, and in some, conflicts arise. The first example of this is the relationship between Haimon and his father Creon. This unusual relationship between them is incredibly superficial in that Creon is only proud of him because he is kissing up and says what his father wants to hear. It is blatantly obvious during their conversation where Haimon states; I am your son father. You are my guide. You make things clear for me, and I obey you. No marriage means more to me than you continuing wisdom. This statement is basically what Creon expects to hear out of his son. His reply of, Good. That is the way to behave: subordinate everything else, my son, to your fathers will. Creon is used to having people do everything he wants them to do. The second example is the relationship between Antigone and her dead brother Polyneices. She is incredibly loyal to him and is willing to risk her life in order to preserve his honor as a warrior and bury her against Creons order. It is evident in her statement of, But I will bury him; and if I must die, I say that this crime is holy: I shall die down with him in death, and I shall be as dear to him as he to me. She will do whatever it takes, even if it is death, to bury her violated brother. The third example is the relationship between Haimon and Antigone. Although Haimon was loyal to his father, he later broke away from his grasp and went to the aid of his fiancee Antigone. He felt that he betrayed her by siding with his father when he was obviously wrong and being stubborn. He signifies his loyalty to Antigone with the statement of, But her death will cause another. He will openly defy his father in order to stand by her side. There are numerous examples of loyalty in the play Antigone. There are also many examples of loyalty in the play Oedipus. The first example is the loyalty of the whole entire city of Thebes to Oedipus. He came and saved them from the great Sphinx and became their generous and just ruler. Once it was discovered that he murdered Creon, he was to live up to his word and wanted to be driven from the town. The town, however, did not shun him, and acknowledged him as a great ruler that had brought upon his own demise. The second example is the loyalty of the shepherd that Oedipus was entrusted to, to king Laios. He was relied upon no to reveal the secret of the attempted extermination of Oedipus. That guard then became one of king Laioss most trusted officers and was with him during the attack of Oedipus on him in which he was slain. The third example is that of the loyalty of most people to the Oracle, in that they all have faith and believe in the Oracles prophecies. They are willing to believe in the prophets, such as Tierces because they are spe akers and messengers for what the Oracle says. After Oedipus was born, and his fate was known, Laiou and Iocaste immediately took action. They believed what the Oracle said, but naively tried to change their sons fate by attempting to eradicate him. Of course, as the story goes, their plan was thwarted by the kind heart of the guard and thus the cycle began. There are many examples of loyalty in the play of Oedipus. .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 , .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .postImageUrl , .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 , .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403:hover , .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403:visited , .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403:active { border:0!important; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403:active , .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403 .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf10dc0c8160104f085b2ab9d9e7fe403:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Arab - Israeli Wars EssayWhen someone is loyal to a person, a group, or an idea, it is their intent to do whatever is necessary to support them or it. This principle has been evident in the plays of Oedipus and Antigone. They are similar in many respects, having ideas rolled into the plots such as loyalty, by Sophocles. Whether it is the loyalty of the city of Thebes to Oedipus, or the early brown-nosing relationship between Haimon and Creon, the idea of fealty is the same for all of them.